O ingresso no 1º ano do ensino fundamental de nove anos: sentimentos revelados por crianças de uma escola pública

Abstract

Based upon the theory proposed by Henri Wallon, the present study researched the feelings of children from a public school when entering the first year of fundamental school. The gathering of data happened during three sessions organized with a small group of children in a public school located in the state of Pernambuco. The sessions happened in February, August and October. The first one was made with four children, but in the following two sessions, only three of them were present, and eventually became the subjects of the study. In each session, a warm-up activity was proposed, in which they made drawings about the experiences of children in the first year of fundamental school. From the beginning of this activity, the conversation among the children and with the researcher brought significant insights into their feelings. The gathered data was analyzed by means of the explicit signification, which allowed the definition of three categories: material and physical space of the school; encounters and unencounters with the teacher; the act of reading viewed through the perspective of emotion. The results showed that these aspects unleash several emotions in children, whether pleasant or unpleasant. The material and physical space of the school bring out some urges on the children, which cannot be fulfilled, given the real conditions of the school. The feelings about the teacher change during the year. In the beginning, they feel scared by the demands of discipline in the classroom. Later, they recognize her authority, and in the end they even justify some of her actions, standing by her side. Regarding the learning of reading, they have a vague notion in the beginning of the school year, and by the end they consider themselves able to read, even though they recognize this as a still evolving ability