Introdução do conceito de número fracionário e de suas representações: uma abordagem criativa para a sala de aula

Abstract

The aim of this work was to investigate the approaching to the fraction teaching, in which was intended to introduce the representation of fraction based on problem-solving that result in significative and challenge situation for students. The research was carried out into two groups, both coursing the third grade of a public school in São Paulo. One of them was taught by a teaching sequence elaborated by the author of this research and involving the use of symbolic and pictorial representation based on the presupposed of their participation, the result coming up from situations involving problems, the team work and their life experience. This was the experimental group (EG). The pupil from the another group did not received any teaching of fraction. This was called reference group (RG). Both groups were submitted to two independent tests: the pre test, held before the fraction introduction and the other, and the post test, after having the experimental group being contact with this subject. The analysis of the results involved two points of view: the quantitative and qualitative approaches. Finally, concerning the general perform of the groups, the experimental group presented a superior performance if compared with the reference group that stayed at same level as beginning. The study offered us significant leads about the building up process of these contents. The most valuable one was that the building up process of the basic concepts in the rational field as an example of the historic way, gathers strength when it comes from solving the concrete problem from the life problems