O combate ao financiamento internacional do terrorismo: regulação financeira e institucionalidade global

Abstract

Studying how terrorist groups and networks finance their activities is crucial for both a general understanding of its operation and also for counterterrorism actions. Fighting terrorism has become a matter not only linked to the use of military power, but mainly a systemic approach that aims, among others, at stopping financial flows for terrorists and imposing sanctions on groups and individuals through their inclusion in blacklists and assets freezing. This thesis focuses precisely on this logic, on the link between financial power and international security. From a critical perspective, it proposes to investigate the multiple processes and political instruments that involve the regulation of combating the financing of terrorism at the international level. The main goal of this thesis are to assess how the threat posed by terrorism was assemble; to identify the main international institutional actors and mechanisms that promoted the qualification of terrorism as a financial crime; to examine how the internalization of international standards is articulated at the national level; and to analyze what kind of systemic dynamic operates in counter-terrorism financing. Thus, it is possible to observe the structure of a global institutional framework regarding countering terrorism financing. This thesis suggests the existence of a global regulatory network, verified by the existence of an international regime to countering the financing of terrorism, which also includes anti-money laundering measures in its rules, norms and principles. It consists of a unique, sophisticated and relatively homogeneous arrangement, which answers to material capacities, interests and ideas of the US government and its allies, especially Europeans, facilitated by the international financial system, which permeates a wide variety of structures and actors, and whose centerpiece is the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)