Da constituição à falta: um percurso sobre a concepção de sujeito em Lacan e a culminação no objeto a

Abstract

This work aimed to bring the reader closer to the conception of the Self in Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis and to establish the relationship between the conception developed by Jacques Lacan and the object a as a consequence of the subject of the unconscious. For this purpose, a bibliographic review of the main works of the mentioned authors was conducted to substantiate an epistemological investigation. It was understood that the notion of the Self is one of the oldest in psychoanalysis, present even in pre-psychoanalytic texts such as Freud's "Project for a Scientific Psychology" (1985). The father of psychoanalysis develops the notion of the Self in select texts until the mid-1920s when he elevates this notion to a psychic instance with different functions in the psyche. Lacan, years later, encounters some impasses of the Freudian conception of the Self and the uses that some psychoanalytic trends made of this instance at the time. The entire "return to Freud" has been concerned from the beginning with the development and delimitation of the Self and the subject of the unconscious, a term introduced by Lacan in psychoanalysis. Therefore, the psychoanalyst sought references in various sciences and philosophies of the time, with Hegel being prominent in this work, specifically through a Kojevian reading of Hegel's ideas. Understanding desire as a founding negativity, that is, a lack to be, a lack that allows movement in search of something that actually pertains to the movement itself. This sliding desire between signifiers led us to think about how the "object-cause of desire" or the Object a emerges as a logical consequence of the development of Lacan's theory until Seminar X